Betrayal and Deception in The Great Gatsby by F. Scott...

Betrayal, a deception of a presumption which then produces conflict between a relationship. Friends and family members have the power to betray us any second. We view them as an extension of ourselves; someone we can confide in. Your notion about them could be completely false for the betrayal they are capable of. Betrayal could be hidden in the shadows of a relationship between you and a friend, a special bond, or even a family member. Betrayal could be found within a nonfictional or fictional novel, play, poem, movie and even picture. The Great Gatsby is a novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925. In his novel, he displays a lot of symbols, and themes including wealth, greed, and of course, betrayal. Betrayal can upset many people and ruin many people. Betrayal was demonstrated throughout the entire novel with a lot of connections. Three situations I had talked about were Gatsby betrayed by Daisy, Tom cheating on Daisy with Myrtle and when no one attends Gatsby’s funeral. The first relationship explained is Tom and Daisy Buchanan. Tom is a very powerful domineering man, very self-centered and self-absorbed, while Daisy is a beautiful lady, with a rousing voice, but also very self-centered as well. Tom and Daisy’s relationship had undergoing stress. Daisy knows how to push all of Tom’s buttons and how hard to push them. Daisy tells Nick how cynical she is about everything, she shows her views in the quote â€Å"She told me it was a girl and I turned my head away andShow MoreRelatedChoosing Security Over Love: The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1122 Words   |  5 PagesChoosing Security Over Love Women, stereotypically viewed as the hard working house wife in the family, take on a role that is completely asymmetrical and discriminated in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Women in this novel are portrayed as insecure, only wanting the need for awareness, not for the lifetime companion that the stereotypical woman want to pursue. According to the quote from Sylvia Plath exclaiming, â€Å"What a man wants is a mate and what a woman wants is infinite security†,Read MoreHope and the American Dream Portrayed in Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby1702 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Great Gatsby†, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, portrays a world filled with rich societal happenings, love affairs, and corruption. Nick Carraway is the engaged narrator of the book, a curious choice considering that he is in a different class and almost in a different world than Gatsby and the other characters. Nick relates the plot of the story to the reader as a member of Gatsbyâ €™s circle. He has ambivalent feelings towards Gatsby, despising his personality and corrupted dream but feelingRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And The Handmaid s Tale : Crushing Dreams2951 Words   |  12 PagesMrs. Tucker English 12 hour 3 13 March 2015 The Great Gatsby and The Handmaid’s Tale: Crushing Dreams The Great Gatsby is regarded as a classic novel for its sad and hopeful story of Jay Gatsby and his quest to obtain Daisy Buchanan, his first love. Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid s Tale is regarded as a more modern day classic, taking place in a dystopian society where women are regarded as sex slaves and the Bible is law. Both F. Scott Fitzgerald and Margaret Atwood, despite having different writing

Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

The estimated incidence of OBPP in the UK and the Republic of Ireland is 0.42 [ 1 ] , in the US 1.5 [ 23 ] and in other western states 1-3 per 1000 unrecorded births [ 3,5,9,22,24-30 ] . We will write a custom essay sample on Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Variations in the estimated incidence may be explained by differences in populations and in the antenatal and intrapartum direction [ 31,32 ] . A population-based survey from western Sweden estimated that between 1999-2001 the incidence of OBPP was 2.9 per 1000 unrecorded births, and of prevailing OBPP was 0.46 per 1000 births ( REF Lagerkvist ) . . In another survey from Sweden Bager [ 13 ] had antecedently found an addition in the incidence of brachial rete paralysis ( BPP ) from 1.3 per 1000 vaginal bringings in 1980 to 2.2 per 1000 vaginal bringings in 1994. Chauhan et Al. [ 3 ] compared two clip periods ( 1980-1991 1991-2002 ) and found that the incidence of OBPP has non changed significantly ( 0.9 per 1000 and 1.0 per 1000 severally ) . Gurewitsch et Al. [ 10 ] estimated an incidence of 5.8 per 1000 between the old ages 1993 and 2004 and noted that this remained changeless during the period of their survey. Many writers have admitted that an addition in the cesarean subdivision rates over the past few decennaries may hold been counteracted by an increased birthweight. Furthermore, despite the debut of systematic preparation in the direction of shoulder dystocia with usage of standard manoeuvres, manikins and simulators no important decrease of the incidence of OBPP has been noted. Hazard Factors The hazard factors for OBPP are foetal, maternal, and obstetric, [ 37 ] the most important being foetal macrosomia [ 3,18,20,22,26-28 ] which is a hazard factor for shoulder dystocia [ 27,38-42 ] . Nesbitt et al conducted a big population based survey and reported the undermentioned rates of shoulder dystocia for single-handed births of nondiabetic female parents: 5.2 % for birthweight 4000-4250g, 9.1 % for 4250-4500g, 14.3 % for 4500-4750g, and 21.1 % for 4750-5000g ( Nesbitt et al. 1998 ) . OBPP after rear of barrel bringings can besides happen, normally in low birthweight foetuss [ 43,44 ] . The upper roots are often affected in these instances and the hurts tend to be more terrible [ 45 ] . Diabetess mellitus [ 22 ] , fleshiness [ 46,47 ] or inordinate weight addition [ 47 ] , maternal age ( gt ; 35years ) [ 48 ] , maternal pelvic anatomy ( platypelloid, level pelvic girdle ) [ 3,22,27,39,40,49 ] and primiparity [ 50 ] are common maternal hazard factors. Diabetess mellitus is a important hazard factor for OBPP, as it frequently causes foetal macrosomia [ 51 ] . Nesbitt et Al found that the hazard of shoulder dystocia for single-handed births to diabetic adult females was 8.4 % , 12.3 % , 19.9 % , and 23.5 % when the birth weight was 4000-4250g, 4250-4500g, 4500-4750g, or gt ; 4750g, severally. ( Nesbitt et al. 1998 ) . Mild glucose intolerance in adult females without diabetes is besides associated with hazards of OBPP, proposing that there is a continuum of glucose-insulin impact on foetal growing that is correlated to the hazard of OBPP [ 52 ] . Shoulder dystocia is a major hazard factor for OBPP [ 9,22,24,40,54-57 ] . The reported incidence of OBPP in bringings complicated by shoulder dystocia varies widely from 4 % to 40 % [ 14,57,58 ] and the incidence of lasting brachial rete hurt after shoulder dystocia is 1.6 % [ 59 ] . Although foetal macrosomia is the most important hazard factor for shoulder dystocia and is associated with most of the other hazard factors ( maternal diabetes, multiparity, old macrosomic baby, drawn-out gestation, maternal fleshiness or inordinate weight addition ) , about half of the instances of shoulder dystocia occur in babies lt ; 4000g ( Acker et al. 1985 ) . The hazard of OBPP is increased by labour abnormalcies. OBPP occurs more often in induced labours [ 52 ] . Cephalopelvic or fetopelvic disproportion ( the size or place of the foetal caput or the foetus precludes transition into the maternal pelvic recess ) is a hazard factor for shoulder dystocia and OBPP. A relentless occipito- posterior place [ 65 ] has been associated with an increased incidence of OBPP. Lurie et al [ 60 ] found no difference in rates of distension or continuance of the 2nd phase in instances with shoulder dystocia and concluded that protracted labour was non a hazard factor for it. Gross et al [ 66 ] showed that a drawn-out 2nd phase increased the hazard of OBPP, but concluded that shoulder dystocia can non be predicted from labour abnormalcies. Weizsaecker et al support the association of drawn-out 2nd phase in labour with OBPP independent of macrosomia, diabetes, and other factors [ 52 ] . Several other surveies considered a drawn-out 2nd phase as a hazard fac tor for shoulder dystocia [ 46,62,67-69 ] and for OBPP [ 27,66 ] . In contrast, a high incidence of hasty 2nd phase of labour among babies with OBPP has besides been demonstrated [ 70 ] . However, Poggi et al suggest that although hasty 2nd phase is the most prevailing labour abnormalcy associated with shoulder dystocia, no feature of second-stage of labour predicts lasting brachial rete hurt [ 37 ] . Operative vaginal bringing is another hazard factor for shoulder dystocia and OBPP [ 3,21,22,26,27,68,71,72 ] . In Nesbitt ‘s survey the hazard of shoulder dystocia for operative vaginal bringings to diabetic female parents was 12.2 % for babies 4000-4250g, 16.7 % for those 4250-4500g, 27.3 % for those 4500-4750g, and 34.8 % for those 4750-5000g ( Nesbitt et al. 1998 ) . Cesarean subdivision decreases the hazard, but OBPP may still happen accounting for merely 1-4 % of all instances [ 22 ] [ 73 ] . When looking at combinations of hazard factors including manner of bringing, maternal diabetes and foetal macrosomia [ 22 ] , the incidence of OBPP appears similar in aided vaginal bringings of nondiabetic adult females and self-generated vaginal bringings in diabetic adult females. The combination of maternal diabetes, foetal macrosomia ( gt ; 4500g ) and assisted vaginal bringing has the highest OBPP rate ( 7.8 % ) . Gilbert et Als have besides shown stronger associations between shoulder dystocia and brachial rete hurt with increasing birth weights. Twenty two per cent of neonates weighing 2.5-3.5kg with OBPP besides had shoulder dystocia, which increases to 74 % in newborns weighing more than 4.5kg. Overall, 53 % of brachial plexus hurt instances were associated with shoulder dystocia. The frequence of diagnosing of other malpresentation was increased ( OR 73.6, 95 % CI 66, 83 ) in this survey. This determination, harmonizing to the writers, suggests that â€Å" brachial rete h urt has other causes in add-on to shoulder dystocia and might ensue from an abnormalcy during the antepartum or intrapartum period † [ 22 ] . A old gestation complicated with OBPP is another hazard factor [ 74 ] . Al-Qattan and al-Kharfy [ 74 ] reported a high return rate in adult females with history of old childbearing with lasting OBPP and advocated elected cesarean bringing in these instances particularly if there is besides foetal macrosomia. However it is non known whether these consequences would use to instances of old impermanent OBPP. Gordon et al [ 6 ] besides found that 14 % of their 59 topics with OBPP were born to female parents who had given birth to babes with OBPP in old gestations. Pathogenesis OBPP has been considered as a effect of inordinate grip and sidelong extension exerted on the foetal cervix during bringing, which consequences in stretching, rupturing or avulsing the cervical nervus roots from the spinal cord [ 75 ] . However, OBPP may happen in the absence of any grip or any identifiable hazard factors. During labour, the brachial rete is exposed to two potentially harmful forces: the endogenous ( intrauterine ) forces and exogenic ( grip ) forces applied by the clinician. Mathematical theoretical accounts, manikins and computing machine simulations have been used to quantify the forces applied on the brachial rete and the threshold for doing hurt. Although these surveies attempted to objectively quantify the grade of both endogenous and exogenic forces, their consequences should be interpreted with cautiousness due to their experimental nature. Exogenous ( grip ) forces If the foetal shoulders remain in a relentless anteroposterior place at the pelvic recess, as observed in instances of foetal macrosomia with an increased bisacromial diameter ( e.g. , with maternal diabetes mellitus ) [ 76,77 ] or precipitate 2nd phase of labour [ 54,70 ] the anterior shoulder may go wedged behind the symphysis pubic bone and farther descent of the foetal caput consequences in stretching of the anterior brachial rete. In shoulder dystocia the applied force and the clip to present the foetal shoulders is frequently significantly increased. Forceful downward grip of the caput when the shoulder is impacted under the symphysis pubic bone can potentially ensue in farther impaction and cause overstretching and hurt of the brachial rete. Downward grip of the foetal caput appears strongly associated with OBPP ( OR: 15.2, 95 % C.I. : 8.4-27.7 ) and the hazard is significantly increased with the grip force applied. Rotation of the shoulders into oblique pelvic diameter is bes ides associated with hazard of OBPP ( OR: 5.5, C.I. :1.6-18.9 ) [ 30 ] . Gonik et al [ 88 ] , showed that downward sidelong flexure of the foetal caput was associated with a 30 % addition in brachial rete stretch ( 18.2 % ) compared with axial placement of the caput ( 14 % ) . Furthermore, the foetal caput is in an unnaturally distorted place in relation to the shoulders, as the shoulders remain in the AP diameter at the recess while the caput has rotated in the AP diameter at the mercantile establishment { Sandmire, 2009 # 6162 } . The badness of the hurt may depend on the grade of grip, writhing and extension of the foetal caput { Sandmire, 2008 # 6057 } . The usage of force feeling devices has shown that the applied extremum grip forces are about 47 N for everyday bringings, 69 N for hard bringings, and 100 N for bringings complicated by shoulder dystocia, proposing that, as the badness of dystocia additions, stronger grip is normally observed [ 86 ] . Even in bringings non complicated by shoulder dystocia the forces applied during downward grip can be frequently underestimated as significant forces were found to hold been used in many OBPP instances [ 30 ] . Direct compaction of the symphysis pubic bone against the brachial rete may besides be a conducive factor to injury [ 13 ] . OBPP may happen regardless of the figure and type of manoeuvres used in instances of shoulder dystocia [ 12,14,69 ] , but the trouble to accomplish bringing of the shoulders and the demand for extra manoeuvres is correlated to the hazard of OBPP. Experimental surveies utilizing pelvic and foetal theoretical accounts, tactile feeling baseball mitts and computerised informations acquisition systems have besides shown that as the trouble of the bringing increases with increasing grip forces, there is a concentration of force on the brachial rete from exogenously applied sidelong flexure [ 87 ] . In these experiments it was demonstrated that the wider the foetal shoulder girth, the greater the force demands and the higher the incidence of hurt. In contrast, the McRoberts manoeuvre appeared to cut down the grade of brachial rete stretching. Slightly more than 10 % of the shoulder dystocia instances that resolve with the McRoberts ‘ manoeuvre entirely have brachial plexus hurt [ 78 ] . After an unsuccessful McRoberts ‘ manoeuvre, brachial plexus hurt rates range from 15.7 % if bringing is achieved by the Woods ‘ manoeuvre to 31.8 % if bringing of the posterior arm is undertaken [ 14 ] . Intrauterine causes As several instances of OBPP occur in the absence of grip or any known hazard factors, hurts to the brachial rete may be caused by the normal forces of labour and bringing. In one of the first surveies proposing that OBPPs are non needfully caused by clinician-applied grip, it was estimated that 26 out of the 51 OBPP instances were non associated with a bringing complicated by shoulder dystocia. { Gordon, 1973 # 615 } . Since so, several other surveies have shown that about half of all OBPPs are non associated with shoulder dystocia [ 5,12,13,18,19 ] and many instances have non been preceded by a hard bringing or grip on the anterior shoulder [ 20,79,80 ] . Harmonizing to different series, up to 20 % of lasting OBPPs are non associated with shoulder dystocia { Chauhan, 2005 # 48 } { Sandmire, 2009 # 6162 } . Jennett et al [ 18 ] concluded that brachial plexus hurt might be the consequence of intrauterine maladaptation and should non be needfully considered as leading facie grounds of birth procedure hurt. In the absence of shoulder dystocia, OBPP occurs by a different mechanism [ 81 ] . The bulk of OBPPs in the absence of shoulder dystocia ( 67.7 % ) appear to impact the posterior arm [ 59,84 ] . OBPPs of the posterior arm ( 39 % of all OBPPs { Gherman, 1998 # 114 } ) or after cesarean bringing suggest an intrauterine cause [ 3,4,18,19,27,38,82,83 ] . Brachial plexus stretching may be caused by an wedged posterior shoulder on the sacral headland while the propulsive forces of labour cause farther descent of the foetus { Sandmire, 2002 # 79 } . OBPPs may besides be secondary to compaction of the brachial rete on the sacral headland. Sandmire and DeMott { Sandmire, 2009 # 6162 } back up the impression that after the caput is delivered, the posterior shoulder can non be obstructed as the distance from the headland to the vaginal mercantile establishment ( 12-13 centimeter ) is excessively long to allow obstructor of the posterior shoulder and the foetal cervix can non be stretched that f ar { Sandmire, 2002 # 79 } , It is hence of paramount importance to document the place of the caput and shoulders in a instance of shoulder dystocia, as this type of hurt caused by impaction of the posterior shoulder on the sacral headland is unrelated to any action of the clinician and should non be considered negligent. Mathematical theoretical accounts have been used to gauge the exogenic and endogenous forces on the brachial rete during shoulder dystocia [ 89 ] . The endogenous forces were estimated to be 4 to 9 times higher than the clinician-applied forces ( 91.1 to 202.5 kPa vs 22.9 kPa ) proposing that self-generated endogenous forces may lend well to OBPP. However the writers of this survey acknowledged that their theoretical account did non account for a figure of confusing factors including soft tissue opposition, the dissipation of force throughout the womb or the compound consequence of grip and compaction forces. Further unfavorable judgment on this theoretical account focused on the gross premises made for the impaction site, the parametric quantities specifying the endogenous force distribution and the broad scope of contact force per unit areas between the foetal cervix and the symphysis pubic bone, which includes values that in existent life would transcend the fatal bounds [ 90 ] . Harmonizing to a little series, all of the 6 OBPPs following atraumatic cesarean subdivision had relentless hurt after a twelvemonth [ 85 ] . Brachial rete hurts have occured even when cesarean bringing was performed in early labour [ 82,85 ] . Uterine anomalousnesss, such as a lower uterine section fibroid or an intrauterine septum, may ensue in unnatural intrauterine force per unit areas and hurt to the brachial rete [ 85 ] . OBPP and phrenic nervus paralysis associated with a bicornuate womb have besides been reported [ 80 ] . Allen et Al, utilizing delivering simulators found that greatest stretch occurred in the posterior brachial rete during descent in non-shoulder dystocia bringings, whereas anterior brachial rete stretch, rotary motion, and extension were similar among non-shoulder dystocia, one-sided and bilateral shoulder dystocia bringings. The writers concluded that shoulder dystocia per Se does non present extra hazard of brachial rete stretch over everyday bringings [ 91 ] . However, they admitted that they did non command for loss of musculus tone secondary to hypoxia, the simulations were undertaken merely in occiput anterior place and the continuance of the 2nd phase in their experiment was less than 2 proceedingss. Although these experiments have improved our cognition on the mechanisms of hurt, clinical verification of their consequences is virtually impossible due to the emergent nature of shoulder dystocia and methodological and ethical issues around clinical research on the foetus during labour. Prediction and Prevention Our ability to foretell OBPP is rather limited as the bulk of the affected babies have no identifiable hazard factors [ 67 ] . In a series of 63 OBPPS most of the patients were nondiabetic ( 89 % ) , nonobese ( 76 % ) , had normal labour ( 91 % ) , and did non hold an assisted bringing ( 79 % ) . No hazard factors were identified in about 30 % of OBPP instances in another survey by Peleg et al [ 27 ] . Multiple logistic arrested development analysis utilizing prenatal, intrapartum, and neonatal factors predicted merely 19 % of the brachial rete hurts in the series of Perlow et Al [ 54 ] . Donnelly et Als have besides concluded that OBPP is non predictable by hazard factor hiting or analysis of the partogram [ 63 ] . Shoulder dystocia, a major hazard factor for OBPP is mostly unpredictable. Statistical theoretical accounts have been developed to gauge this hazard utilizing combinations of birth weight, maternal tallness and weight, gestational age and para [ 92,93 ] . The presence of multiple hazard factors appears to be a forecaster for shoulder dystocia [ 94 ] . Designation of hazard factors and an prenatal direction with tight control of glucose degrees in pregnant adult females with diabetes may cut down the incidence of foetal macrosomia and shoulder dystocia. A program for bringing in high hazard instances should include a multidisciplinary squad attack with a senior accoucheuse or an experient obstetrician available at the 2nd phase. Initiation of labour Initiation of labour has been antecedently recommended in instances of suspected macrosomia, in order to cut down the hazard of shoulder dystocia and birth hurt, nevertheless, a Cochrane reappraisal showed that initiation of labour for nondiabetic adult females with suspected foetal macrosomia does non look to cut down the hazards of maternal or neonatal morbidity [ 95 ] . Cesarean Section The hazard of brachial plexus hurt is lower in cesarean bringings [ 3,96 ] . If identifiable hazard factors are present, an elected cesarean delivery bringing might forestall OBPP. Yeo et al suggested that bringings by elected cesarean subdivision for birthweights in surplus of 4kg would forestall 44 % of shoulder dystocias and halve the perinatal mortality among births with shoulder dystocia with a 2 % subsequent addition of the cesarean subdivision rate [ 97 ] . On the other manus, Gilbert et Al found that 92 % of the high hazard patients ( diabetic adult females delivered by operative vaginal bringing with babies of gt ; 4.5kg birthweight ) did non hold OBPP and cesarean bringing would hold been unneeded [ 22 ] . Although macrosomia is normally associated with OBPP, Rouse et Al [ 32 ] found no benefit to elected cesarean bringing in adult females with estimated foetal weights of gt ; 4.5 kilogram, unless they were besides diabetic. These writers estimated that when elected cesar ean bringing was performed for estimated foetal weights of a†°?4.5kg, 3695 cesarean delivery bringings would be required for the bar of one permanent OBPP, whereas a policy of elected cesarean delivery bringings for birthweights of a†°?4kg was associated with 2345 several cesarean bringings. For diabetic adult females, more favorable ratios for cesarian bringings were estimated: 443 bringings with the 4.5kg policy, and 489 bringings with the 4kg policy. Ecker et al [ 38 ] besides suggested that at most birth weights, the figure of cesarean bringings necessary to forestall a individual hurt is high. In this survey, it was estimated that in nondiabetic adult females, between 19 and 162 cesarean subdivisions would hold been necessary to forestall a individual brachial rete hurt and among diabetic adult females between 5 and 48 extra cesarean delivery subdivisions would hold been required. The writers could hence non recommend the everyday usage of cesarean bringing in instanc es of macrosomia. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommends that elected cesarean subdivision can be considered in diabetic adult females when the estimated foetal weight is gt ; 4.5kg and in nondiabetic adult females when the estimated foetal weight is gt ; 5kg [ 98 ] . Nonetheless, some writers advocate a policy of offering elected cesarean bringing to adult females with kids with lasting OBPP [ 22 ] . Maneuvers at bringing For the bar of shoulder dystocia, contraceptive manoeuvres at bringing ( McRobert ‘s manoeuvre and suprapubic force per unit area ) have been evaluated, but there is deficiency of clear grounds to back up their modus operandi usage [ 99 ] . Management of shoulder dystocia The purpose of direction should be bar of foetal asphyxia, while avoiding foetal and maternal hurt. The go toing accoucheuse or obstetrician should be able to acknowledge a shoulder dystocia instantly and continue through a bit-by-bit sequence of manoeuvres to hasten bringing. Knowledge of the constructs that underlie manoeuvres and the practical inside informations of their executing appears much more effectual than cognition of the precise definitions or eponyms of each manoeuvre ( Crofts et al. 2008 ) . First line manoeuvres Mc Roberts manoeuvre involves acute flexure of the hips while the adult female is on supine place. This place straightens the lumbosacral angle, leting descent of the posterior shoulder. The maternal pelvic girdle is perpendicular to the way of the maternal expulsive forces. Gonik et al [ 88 ] , utilizing computing machine silent person theoretical accounts showed that with lithotomy placement, both endogenous and exogenic bringing forces were associated with brachial rete stretching during shoulder dystocia ( the per centum of brachial rete nervus stretch was 15.7 % vs 14.0 % , severally ) . McRoberts positioning resulted in 53 % less brachial rete stretch ( 6.6 % ) . Directed suprapubic force per unit area can be uninterrupted or ‘rocking ‘ force per unit area on the posterior facet of the anterior shoulder which may ease adduction of the shoulders, a decrease of the bisacromial diameter and rotary motion to an oblique place. Second line manoeuvres Delivery of the posterior arm is undertaken by infixing the manus in the vagina posteriorly and using soft force per unit area at the antecubital pit to flex the foetal forearm, which is so grasped and swept across the foetal thorax. If bringing of the posterior arm is achieved, the anterior arm rotates posteriorly or descends behind the symphysis pubic bone as Kung et Al showed that the shoulder dimensions are reduced by 2.5cms with this manoeuvre particularly in larger foetuss ( Kung et al. 2006 ) . Rubin ‘s manoeuvre: rotary motion of the shoulders is attempted by insertiong two fingers in the vagina behind the anterior shoulder. The shoulder is pushed frontward and the bisacromial diameter rotates into an oblique place. If unsuccessful, this can so be combined with the Woods ‘ prison guard manoeuvre. Forests ‘ prison guard: force per unit area is applied with two fingers on the anterior facet of the posterior shoulder and use force per unit area taking to revolve the foetus towards the same way as the Rubin manoeuvre. Reverse Woods ‘ prison guard: with two fingers behind the posterior shoulder rotary motion is attempted in the opposite way to the original Woods ‘ prison guard. All these manoeuvres aim to revolve the shoulders and enable bringing by conveying the anterior shoulder posteriorly. Interpolation of the whole manus in the vagina may enable better push on the shoulder and facilitate rotary motion ( Crofts et al. 2008 ) . All-fours: the adult female is on her custodies and articulatio genuss and soft grip is applied taking to present the buttocks shoulder which may fall due to gravitation and to a possible addition of the anteroposterior diameter of the maternal pelvic girdle. Clavicular break: although the bisacromial diameter is reduced with this manoeuvre, there is an increased hazard of iatrogenic brachial rete hurt, vascular and soft tissue foetal injury. Third line manoeuvres Zavanelli manoeuvre involves flexure of the foetal caput, reversal of damages, rotary motion of the caput back to the occipito-anterior place, and replacing into the womb. Tocolytics and general anesthetic agents are used for uterine relaxation. The foetus is so delivered by cesarean subdivision. Although this manoeuvre has success rates of up to 92 % , it is associated with terrible fetal and maternal morbidity including foetal hurts and deceases, uterine and vaginal rupture. Symphysiotomy requires surgical expertness and is associated with important hazards of lower urinary tract hurt. The patient is on a supine place and the thighs are abducted no more than 45IS from the midplane. A urethral catheter is inserted and the urethra is displaced laterally. Following local infiltration with lignocaine, a perpendicular pang scratch is made on the symphysis with a scalpel. The symphysis is normally partly separated by cutting through the fibers by rotational motion of the blade. This allows the anterior foetal shoulder to be disimpacted. In instances of shoulder dystocia, the hazards of OBPP may be reduced if manoeuvres are conducted suitably and forceful downward grip of the caput is avoided ( figure 1 ) . Gonik et al [ 88 ] , showed that downward sidelong flexure of the foetal caput was associated with a 30 % addition in brachial rete stretch ( 18.2 % ) compared with axial placement of the caput ( 14 % ) . Fundal force per unit area should be avoided as it can decline shoulder dystocia and grip combined with fundal force per unit area can be associated with neurological complications [ 57 ] . Consequences may be better and hazards of OBPP lower if there is no terror, force per unit area on the fundus, sidelong grip or pivoting of the caput at the cervix and when tortuosity or rotational motion of the caput to revolve the shoulders is avoided { Doumouchtsis, 2009 # 6174 } . Decision OBPP is a potentially annihilating complication of childbearing. Shoulder dystocia is merely one of a battalion of hazard factors for OBPP, most of which may be hard to foretell. Future research should be directed in prospective rating of the mechanisms of hurt, in order to enable accoucheurs, accoucheuses and other wellness attention professionals identify modifiable hazard factors, develop preventative schemes and better perinatal results. How to cite Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Genetics Embryonic Stem Cells

Question: Discuss the options that are available to produce genome modifications in the?mouse using mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells (20 marks). Describe in detail a non-ES?cell method you could use to conduct a forward genetic screen in the mouse. Use diagrams to illustrate your answer. Answer: Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are recognized as pluripotent stem cells that are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst in the mammalian system and have the property to differentiate into any type of cells along with additional feature of propagation and plasticity. These cells are capable of exhibiting long term proliferative potential, maintain high telomerase activity and possess a normal karyotype. Pertaining to their plasticity and potential for unlimited capacity for self renewal, ESCs are widely used in regenerative medicine and replacement of damaged tissue following injury or disease. In mouse related or murine ESCs , these characteristic features of the ESCs are utilized as well to achieve the necessary outcomes associated to genomic modifications in mouse. The genetic modifications in the context of genetic engineering generally comprise of three broad categories encompassing somatic, germline and cloning. The genome modifications generally result due to error in the DNA damage repair pathway that account for non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and eventuallt cause double strand break (DSB) of the DNA that in turn might alter the cellular pathway to a large extent. Mouse ESCs make use of the high fidelity homologous recombinational repair (HRR) strategy to repair the DSB. Mammalian gene manipulation has been conducted by virtue of gene targeting using the murine ESCs in an effort to correct the mutant hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene via homologous recombination (Doetschman et al. 1986). The regulation of genetic expression achieved without altering the DNA sequence is normally executed via epigenetic plasticity. Empirical research suggest that mouse ESCs express high levels of Ten-Eleven translocation (TET1) protein that mediate the induction of 5 hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC) upon gene regulatory elements. Further analysis showed that co-localization of 5 hmC with Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC 2) is very much spec ific to mouse ESCs and PRC2 dependent engagement of Tet1 offer epigenetic plasticity (Neri et al. 2013). Mouse ESCs have been demonstrated to induce pluripotent stem cells through introduction of various transcription factors as well as upregulation of certain genes. Essentially the experiment conducted by Takahashi and Yamanaka 2006, showed the potential of four factors namely Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, Klf4 under adequate ES cell culture conditions induced the generation of pluripotency in somatic cells. Hence, these marker genes were identified to be crucial in genetic modifications of such cells though incorporation of certain defined factors. Expression of several other genes including Nanog, Stat3 and -catenin were found to be specific in case of the mouse ESCs as well. Further studies prove that CRISPR/Cas-9 mediated genome engineering simultaneously target five genes such as Tet 1,2, 3, Sry, Uty-8 alleles in murine ESCs via high fidelity gene editing procedures. The one step gener ation of animals carrying mutations in multiple genes by means of operating CRISPR/Cas system within the mouse ESCs are therefore found to be beneficial in studying the epistatic interactions in conjunction with in vivo analysis of the functionally redundant genes (Wang et al. 2013). Thus through the adoption of the mouse ESCs into clinical research experiments it is now possible to carry out genetic modifications ranging from subtle mutations such as point mutation, insertion or micro deletion along with chromosomal rearrangements like duplication, translocation and macro deletion through proper gene targeting methods. Fig: Genetic modifications using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (Source: www.physiolgenomics.physiology.org. (2016) Retrieved on 9 December 2016 from https://physiolgenomics.physiology.org/content/34/3/225) In the recent times, the concept of forward genetics has been rendered as a coveted topic in terms of evaluating the genetic basis responsible for expressing a specific type of phenotype in an organism. Primarily naturally occurring mutations or induction of mutation by virtue of radiation, chemicals or using transposable elements may be conducted by means of harboring this technique where the function of a gene and its phenotypic character through analysis of the altered DNA sequences may be studied. In the context of the mouse, forward genetics has been applied to expose the yet unknown genes and also in order to detect the behavioral mutant of the circadian rhythm. The advent of the high density genetic maps together with the onset of the physical mapping resources, positional cloning associated with any mutation in the mouse is a practically possible and feasible (Takahashi, Pinto and Vitaterna 1994). Relevant researches have shown the efficacy of the CRISPR-Cas 9 system as a pre cise gene targeting and gen screening tool by completely disrupting the target genes compared to other contemporary methods. Hence systematic genetic analysis is fostered by means of following this technique as evident in the mammalian cells such as that in the mouse non-embryonic stem cells (non ESCs) (Wang et al. 2014). Non embryonic stem cells or adult stem cells play a vital role in forward genetics to assess the phenotype in the diseased organism. The adult stem cells are thought to be undifferentiated cells residing in stem cell niche found among differentiated cells of the tissue organ. The maintenance and repair of the tissues in which the non-embryonic stem cells are found constitute the major functions of these cells and have the ability to give rise to some or nearly all of the bodily tissues because of their multipotent activity. A study relevant to the non-embryonic stem cells provided the evidence for differentiation of these cells into cells having a pancreatic lineag e thereby showcasing the efficacy of the forward genetics concept (Verfaillie et al. 2013). A forward genetic screen in mouse utilizing the non-ESCs method was carried out to study the sleep behavior in mice as a whole that may be referred to in this regard. At first an electroencephalogram or electromyogram based screening method of randomly mutagenised mice were done to detect the dominant mutations that influence the sleep and wakefulness. A significant reduction in the total wake time because of an increased necessity to sleep was evident following a splicing mutation in the Sik3 protein kinase gene. SIK3 was detected to have a role in the homeostatic regulation of the amount of sleep. Further probe in this matter revealed that increased excitability and discharge of the REM inhibiting neurons cause for the decline in the total amount and duration of REM sleep owing to a missense, gain of function mutation in the sodium leak channel (NALCN). Hence, the sleep pattern behavior in mice may be substantially studied and the role of SIK3 and NALCN may be comprehensively understood in regulating the NREM and REM sleep through forward genetics analysis utilizing the non embryonic murine stem cells (Funato et al. 2016). References Doetschman, T., Gregg, R.G., Maeda, N., Hooper, M.L., Melton, D.W., Thompson, S. and Smithies, O., 1986. Targetted correction of a mutant HPRT gene in mouse embryonic stem cells.Nature,330(6148), pp.576-578. Funato, H., Miyoshi, C., Fujiyama, T., Kanda, T., Sato, M., Wang, Z., Ma, J., Nakane, S., Tomita, J., Ikkyu, A. and Kakizaki, M., 2016. Forward-genetics analysis of sleep in randomly mutagenized mice.Nature,539(7629), pp.378-383. Neri, F., Incarnato, D., Krepelova, A., Rapelli, S., Pagnani, A., Zecchina, R., Parlato, C. and Oliviero, S., 2013. Genome-wide analysis identifies a functional association of Tet1 and Polycomb repressive complex 2 in mouse embryonic stem cells.Genome biology,14(8), p.1. Takahashi, J.S., Pinto, L.H. and Vitaterna, M.H., 1994. Forward and reverse genetic approaches to behavior in the mouse.Science (New York, NY),264(5166), p.1724. Takahashi, K. and Yamanaka, S., 2006. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.cell,126(4), pp.663-676. Verfaillie, C.M., Velez, M.A.B. and Heremans, Y.P., Regents Of The University Of Minnesota, 2013.Differentiation of non-embryonic stem cells to cells having a pancreatic phenotype. U.S. Patent 8,409,859. Wang, H., Yang, H., Shivalila, C.S., Dawlaty, M.M., Cheng, A.W., Zhang, F. and Jaenisch, R., 2013. One-step generation of mice carrying mutations in multiple genes by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome engineering.Cell,153(4), pp.910-918. Wang, T., Wei, J.J., Sabatini, D.M. and Lander, E.S., 2014. Genetic screens in human cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 system.Science,343(6166), pp.80-84.

Investing in Indonesia

Table of Contents Indonesia Investment Policy Labor Cost Indonesia Labor Market Challenges in Labor Market Labor Management in Indonesia Labor Policies Works Cited The general climate of investment in Indonesia is attractive for both international and local investment. Fiscal incentives have contributed to increased number of foreign investors. The country has simplified the process of approving those who want to invest in the country and there are no limitations to the investment value. Investors can wholly own their investment in Indonesia and this is among the advantages that they enjoy as they invest in this country.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Investing in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indonesia is also a member of ASEAN since it is strategically located between Australia and Asia where most foreign investors like investing in. Indonesia has its natural appeal to foreign and dom estic investment because of increasing middle class, and natural resources that act as attractions to investors. However, investment was negatively affected between 1997 and 1998 by the Asian crises, which arose during this. However, the country has managed to overcome that challenge (Delfeld 67). Indonesia Investment Policy Just like other developing countries in Asia, its early investment and industrial policies meant to develop import substitutes. It caused liberalization and inefficient based on export policies. Crises, which occurred in Asia affected the economy of this country and led to fall in the real GDP by 13% and slowed the recovery process. The country had to assess its existing policies because of the crises and democratic move. The government’s commitment to reforms also geared toward the creation of a good environment for both local and international investors. Policy changes have triggered flow of foreign direct investment. This was after the perception of ac countability of the country that was tarnished by the crises (Dhanani, Islam and Chowdhury 136). According to Dhanani, Islam and Chowdhury (136), reforms of investment policies resulted in political and macroeconomic stability restored investors’ confidence and increased the inflow. Since 2005, inflow of investors increased and raised FDI to eight billion dollars. The global financial crises did not spare the country as this reduced the GDP and the level of investment (Jones 318). Labor Cost Labor cost in Indonesia varies according to regions. Highest rates of labor costs are in Nanggroe, Aceh Darusalam and Papua. In the first two places, minimum wage is IDR 1.3 million that is $ 144 and IDR 1.1 million or 121million dollars. This shows that the minimum rate of payment in Indonesia is lower than in other members of ASEAN. The minimum age of a person to be an employee in Indonesia is only 15 years and this presents an opportunity for investors because they can easily access af fordable labor for their businesses. Additionally, the minimum working hours for a person in a week are 40 hours. Laksmana (160) argues that this will ensure that employees have time to work maximally and contribute to the business growth.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, the government has an investment body called government investment unit that enables investors to gain confidence as they invest in the country and it advices them to look on the upcoming sectors of development. The investment unit and World Bank supports the investors, protects them from unpredictable changes in policies, and land acquisition problems. By assisting the investors, the government makes the investing climate more attractive for local and international investors. Indonesia Labor Market Growth in economy and social transformation has affected labor force structure and labor dem and in the country. Indonesian economy has been growing faster than those of other members of ASEAN and around Asia are. This growth and transformation has delivered the country from low-income country to middle-income country. Economic growth of a country is an attraction for investors. Economic growth also comes along with creation of employment for those people who are unemployed. Despite the growth in the economy of the country, employment opportunities in formal sectors are always not enough for rising unemployment rates. Labor supply in Indonesia exceeds the demand therefore leaving a big number of people unemployed. Those who do not get a chance in formal sector find employment in the informal sectors. The investors can access ready labor for their businesses or other sectors where they invest in (McDougall 340). Challenges in Labor Market Regardless of whether investors are local or international, they must face some challenges in their investments. The critical challenge is choosing the right partner to do their investment with. Even though there are no restrictions to working with an Indonesian partner, investors find it hard to choose the right partner to invest with. Despite the opportunities Indonesia provides for investors, there are still more challenges for investors to solve. These challenges include bureaucracy, which is not efficient and undeveloped infrastructure in the region. Cooney (28) notes that the government has been changing investment policies frequently without informing the investors. This problem has affected investors’ trust in the support of the government. Restrictive labor laws have also led to investors moving from Indonesia to other countries. Labor Management in Indonesia Employees law Number 13 of 2003 controls the management power of employees and specified the minimum conditions for those employees. Rules for compensation are also specified on that section of law. Employees have the right to strike if their need s are not meet according to the agreement they signed with their employers. However, the striking employees must have legal documents allowing them to hold their strikes. The law specifies requirements for labor management to notify the employers and investors what is required for the rights of employees (Jones 318).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Investing in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Jones (318) notes that the ministry of transmigration and manpower specifies minimum wages for provinces and councils within those provinces. This enables investors not to overpay the employees or partners they work with. Employers cannot just terminate the employee’s contract without following the law and regulations. For the workers who have been employed for a period of three months, they must be compensated before they get discharged for good. The rule of employment termination of Indonesia ch anges with the period an employee has been employed (Juliawan 350). Labor Policies Poverty, unemployment, underemployment, and economic growth are challenges, which the government of Indonesia faces. Continued growth can assist the government to reduce the rate of unemployment and underemployment. Programs that government should implement are development and expansion of job creation activities and enhancing the quality and productivity of workers (Pambudi and Russell 230). Pambudi and Russell (230) argue that foreign investors faces challenges particularly in labor, whereby they are not allowed to hire foreigners unless under special condition. An organization is allowed only to employ foreigners only in positions that cannot be filed by Indonesians. It is a challenge for investors who may wish to employ people who are technologically advanced and skilled that the employees in Indonesia. They must seek approval from BKPM before they employ foreigners. A companies report must state all positions that organizations wish to fill with experts from outside the country for further scrutiny. Consultations must be done for approval of the experts or employee in a business sector. A person must have more than 50% approval of the workforce (Manning and Sumarto 8). According to Chowdhury, Islam and Tadjoeddin (40), economic and social growth needs infrastructure development to encourage further investment. Private and public sectors are encouraged to invest in infrastructure sector to forester growth in the region. Modern technologies need to be applied in development of infrastructure in Indonesia. It poses an opportunity for local and foreign investors to take part in investing in that sector. Investment climate for both local and international or foreign investors is enhanced. Investors bring along technology and management experience for the country and leads to economic growth and reduction of inflation.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When compared to other ASEAN countries, the FDI contribution to capital has been small in Indonesia. However, it has assisted the country in creation of jobs, advance access to global market and increased productivity growth of Indonesia. Foreign direct investment in labor-intensive sectors has contributed to creation of jobs and increased exports of manufactured products. Indonesia investment challenge is to improve their policies to gain new foreign investment. This can create more jobs, improve competitiveness, and upgrade the export and industrial sector (Cooney 28). Indonesia is among the most populated in the world. The country’s economy is the largest in southern Asia. Greate investors chooses the country because of its continuous economic growth and favorable demographic. Even through the world crises, the country was able to overcome the challenges that affected the whole world. Indonesian economy had the real economic growth in 2008, which convince many investors th at the country is save to invest in. investors have room to grow when the invest in Indonesia. The country is also strategically located and politically stable to make internal and external investors comfortable to invest there. Indonesian financial environment is also attractive to foreign investment, and there is no limitation on value of investments an investor is supposed to make. Large population makes this country a better place for investment. Democracy and stable government assures the investors on safety and freedom when they in that country. Works Cited Chowdhury, Anis, Iyanatul Islam and Mohammad Tadjoeddin. â€Å"Indonesia’s employment challenges: Growth, structural change and labor market rigidity†. European Journal of East Asian Studies 8 (2009): 31-59. Print. Cooney, Sean. Law and labor market regulation in East Asia. New York: Routledge, 2002. Print. Delfeld, Carl. Etf investing around the world: A guide to building a global Etf portfolio. Lincoln: iUni verse, 2007. Print. Dhanani, Shafiq, Iyanatul Islam and Anis Chowdhury. Indonesian labor market: New York: Routledge, 2009. Print. Jones, Gavin. Indonesia assessment: Population and human resources. Canberra: Institute of Southeast Asian, 1997. Print. Juliawan, Benny. â€Å"Street-level politics: Labor protests in post-authoritarian Indonesia†. Journal of Contemporary Asia 41 (2011): 349-370. Print. Laksmana, Evan. â€Å"Indonesia’s rising regional and global profile: Does size really matter?† Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International Strategic Affairs 33 (2011): 157-182. Manning, Chris and Sudarno Sumarto. Employment, living standards and poverty in contemporary Indonesia. Canberra: Institute of Southeast Asian, 2011.Print. McDougall, Derek. â€Å"Australia’s engagement with it’s ‘near abroad’: A change of direction under the labor government, 2007-10?† Commonwealth Comparative Politics 49 (2011): 318-341. Print . Pambudi, Djauhari and Smyth Russell. â€Å"Making Indonesia more attractive to foreign investors: a computable general equilibrium analysis of reducing the risk premium in central java†. Review Of Urban Regional Development Studies 20 (2008): 226-240. Print. This research paper on Investing in Indonesia was written and submitted by user Jesse Delaney to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Learn About the Geography of the Middle Eastern Country of Pakistan

Learn About the Geography of the Middle Eastern Country of Pakistan Pakistan,  officially called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is located in the   Middle East  near the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. It is bordered by  Afghanistan,  Iran,  India,  and  China. Pakistan is also very close to Tajikistan, but the two countries are separated by the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan. The country has the sixth largest population in the world and the second largest  Muslim population  in the world after Indonesia.  The country is divided into  four provinces, one territory, and one capital territory for local administration. Pakistan Basic Facts First, here are the basics: Population: 204,924,861  (July 2017 estimate)Capital: IslamabadBordering Countries: Afghanistan, Iran, India,  and ChinaLand Area: 307,374 square miles (796,095 sq km)Coastline: 650 miles (1,046 km)Highest Point: K2 at 28,251 feet (8,611 m)Largest cities:  Karachi (15.4 million), Lahore (11.7 million), Faisalabad (3.3 million), Rawalpindi (2.2 million),  and  Gujranwala (2.1 million)Language: Urdu (official language) but English, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Baloch, Hindko,  Barhui,  and Saraiki are also spokenLife expectancy: 66 years for men and 70 years for women Geography and Climate of Pakistan Pakistan has a varied topography that consists of the flat, Indus plain in the east and the Balochistan plateau in the west. In addition, the Karakoram Range, one of the worlds highest mountain ranges, is in the north and northwest part of the country. The worlds second highest mountain,  K2, is also within Pakistans borders, as is the famous 38-mile (62 km) Baltoro Glacier. This glacier is considered one of the longest glaciers outside of the Earths polar regions. The climate of Pakistan varies with its topography, but most of it consists of hot, dry desert, while the northwest is temperate. In the mountainous north,  though, the climate is harsh and considered  Arctic. Economics and Land Use in Pakistan Pakistan is considered a developing nation and as such it has a highly underdeveloped economy. This is largely because of its decades of political instability and a lack of foreign investment. Textiles are Pakistans main export, but it also has industries that include food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer,  and shrimp. Agriculture in Pakistan includes cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, milk, beef, mutton,  and eggs.  Resources include natural gas reserves and limited petroleum. Urban vs. Rural Just over one-third of the population lives in urban areas (36.7 percent), though that number is increasing slightly. Most of the population lives in the areas near the Indus River and its tributaries, with Punjab the most densely populated province.   Earthquakes Pakistan is situated above two tectonic plates, the Eurasian and Indian plates, their motion making the country primarily a site of major strike-slip earthquakes. Earthquakes above 5.5 on the Richter scale are relatively common. Their location in relation to population centers determines whether there will be extensive loss of life. For example, a 7.4 magnitude earthquake January 18, 2010, in southwest Pakistan, didnt cause any fatalities, but another in the same province that came in at a 7.7 in September 2013 killed more than 800. Four days later another 400 were killed in the province in a 6.8 magnitude quake. The worst in recent memory was in Kashmir in the north in October 2005. It measured 7.6, killed 80,000, and left 4 million homeless. More than 900 aftershocks rolled on afterward for almost three weeks.   Sources Central Intelligence Agency. CIA: The World Factbook: Pakistan. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html. Dawn. Timeline of major earthquakes in Pakistan: 1971-2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1215521.

School Supplies List for College Students

School Supplies List for College Students Heading to college? Youll soon find that your work  is a little more intense compared to high school, so you will need the right supplies to help meet the challenge. A basic list that includes  lined paper, folders, pens, and pencils, is a given. But to get the most out of  your study time, youll need a few extras. The items listed here should cover most all your bases, although your professors will likely hand out a  syllabus  during the first week of class that will list additional items specific to that particular course. To Keep With You Whether you use a backpack or a tote bag to carry your stuff around, make sure these items are always inside, along with the basics listed above: Post-Itâ„ ¢ Flags: Dont ever read an academic book without sticky note flags! These little wonders are great for keeping track of important passages when reading a book. Theyre also handy for marking pages when writing book reviews and research papers.  Student Planner: Every professor will supply students with a syllabus that lists assignment due dates and test dates. Youll want to record these dates right away! As soon as you receive that syllabus, start recording your due dates. You should also consider using the sticky note flags for test days or due dates. From day one, the planner will become your new best friend when it comes to staying on top of your studies.Tiny Stapler: To make sure you dont lose important information, keep a stapler on hand for those times when professors hand out stacks of papers for you to read, and for assembling and turning in assignments of your own. Your friends will love you if youre always equipped with this essential tool.Highlighters: Highli ghters are useful for pointing out important terms and definitions in workbooks and articles. You can also use different colors of highlighter to create a code for different topics when conducting research. Calculator: If you sign up for any kind of math class, expect to invest in the right calculator for the job.MLA Style Guide: Most freshman-year classes require writing essays- and, depending on your major, you might write essays for the majority of your classes until you graduate. In any event, most professors will expect you to use MLA guidelines. Theyll be looking for very specific formatting on title pages, essays, and bibliographies. The style guide will show you how to format citations, page numbers, and more.Index Cards: Youll go through hundreds of index cards in college. Nothing can compete with them  when it comes to memorizing terms and definitions, and  flashcards are essential for studying for tests.Memory Stick: These little devices are sometimes called flash drives or jump drives, but the name is not important. Youll need a portable storage device  of some kind for backing up copies of your work.Blue Book: These small, blue-colored booklets  are used for essay-t ype exams and are available for purchase at your university bookstore. You should keep one on hand at all times since test dates can sneak up on you. For YourStudy Space Carve out a spot in your dorm room, bedroom, or other space, and devote it specifically to your studies. It should hold a bright lamp, a desk large enough to work on with your computer or tablet, and a printer if you choose to buy one instead of using those in the computer lab. It should also have enough blank wall space to hold a large calendar and a bulletin board. Here are our suggestions on how to stock this space: Big Wall Calendar: Record all due dates on a big wall calendar that you can see when you enter your room.Colored Stickers: Use color-coded stickers on your big wall calendar, like blue dots for test days and yellow dots for assignment due dates.Printer paper: Keep a stock of paper on hand for printing out assignments. Dont be late turning in a paper because you couldnt print it out!Post-It Cover-Up Tape: This tape is great for studying for a test.  Use it to cover up keywords in your notes, a textbook, or a study guide, and voil, you have a fill-in-the-blank test. It sticks lightly to the paper to cover up words or definitions, so you can cover up a word, print on the tape, and peel it off to see if your answer matches the answer underneath the tape.Glue, Scissors, and Tape: You may not need these items very often, but when you need them, you really need them.Bulletin Board and Pins: Organize your life and keep family photos close at hand with a bulletin board. Luxury Items These are by no means necessary, and they can be expensive, but they will make your study time much more productive. Smartpen by Livescribe:  This is a favorite tool for math students, who always seem to get it when the teacher lectures and works out problems, but then lose it when they sit down to work the problems on their own. The Smartpen  will allow you to  record a lecture while taking notes, and then afterward  place the pen tip on any word or drawing and listen to the part of the lecture that was taking place when those notes were recorded.  Post-Itâ„ ¢ Easel Pads:  This item is useful for brainstorming, especially in a study-group setting. Its basically a pad of giant sticky notes that you can cover with a mind-dump of notes, list items, ideas, etc., and then stick to the  wall or any other surface.Notebook Computer:  You will have access to computer labs on campus, but a notebook computer will free you up to do your work anywhere. If you have a laptop already, great, but you may find a notebook to be easier to use, more compact, and lighter to carry.  Printer/Scanner: Youll  be able to print your work out on your schools printers, but having your own is much more convenient- and it will allow you to check your work more easily. Make sure to get one with scanning capabilities. Scanners can be used to  create study guides from your books, which will help you in everything from preparing for tests to  writing a research paper. Laptop or Computer Notebook:  Again, youll have access to computer labs on campus, but owning a laptop or computer notebook with a click-on keyboard will free you up to do your work anywhere.Smartphone:  While your professors  will likely not allow phones in their classrooms, having access to a smartphone will enable you to use a wealth of education-specific apps once you are away from the classroom.

The European Court of Justice has distorted the purpose of the Essay

The European Court of Justice has distorted the purpose of the preliminary ruling procedure, as set out in Article 234 EC. The relationship between the nationa - Essay Example ompliance with EC law by the member states have compelled the European Court of Justice or ECJ, to formulate a general principle of state responsibility. This state liability is the result of the fact that EU Member States have to perforce, implement and enforce the EC law. Further, it is the duty of the national courts to decide on cases entailing violation of EC law granted rights of individuals. The doctrine of supremacy of Community law, which is well entrenched, states that the national law of the member states is subservient to the Community law. This doctrine applies not only to primary but also to secondary Community law and in case of a dispute between Community law and national law; the Community law has to be accorded predominance over the national law. Article 10 of the EC describes the various obligations that Member States have to fulfil in order to comply with the EC law. The preliminary reference procedure set out in Article 234 of the EC defines a formal relationship between the European Court of Justice and the national courts. The importance of this procedure lies in the fact that it is used to establish consistent rules, which the national courts have to follow in order to enforce EC law. The result was that the national courts became part of a â€Å"supra-national judicial hierarchy, with the European Court at its apex1.† Under the aegis of Article 234 EC, the ECJ developed the judicial system of the EU. As per the provisions of Article 234, if any clarification are required on questions of EC law, then any ‘court or tribunal may if it considers that a decision on the question is necessary to enable it to give judgement, require the Court of Justice to give a ruling thereon’. Due to such intervention, all national courts are empowered to make direct references to the ECJ. The ECJ was allotted a paramount position in the national judicial systems by Article 234 EC, which states that â€Å"Where any such question is raised in a case pending

Western Classcial Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Western Classcial Music - Essay Example At the time when he left his country due to the ongoing revolution he gave his first ever concert of piano as well as the Etudes Op 10 which established his genius talent (Jonson 49). After going on to Germany and then Austria in his quest of establishment as musician he finally found his base at Paris where he then spent major part of his life. Despite his Nostalgia for Poland, his homeland, he enjoyed an immense success in Paris. He was said to be at the heart of growing Romanticism, the aspirations of whom he had perfectly adhered. Western classical music falls into three categories, of which Chopin was an integral part of the second, romantic and classical in the nineteenth century. In the instrumental classic western music Piano and the Violin occupied the highest ranks. Chopin has piano in all of his compositions which made him very important in the history of western classical music. Frederic Chopin was born on 1st March 1810 near Warsaw at Zelazowa-Wola, his birth date on his birth certificate although was written as 22nd February 1810. His father had French origin where as his mother was Polish, he was the third child. His first musical teacher was Czech musician, Adalbert Ziwny. He got into one of the first colleges in Warsaw with support of Prince Antoine Radziwill, who was a music composer himself and aimed to protect talents of artists. His protection and musical abilities opened gateway for Chopin into high end Polish circles (Ellis 746). At college he learnt theory regarding his art from the director of conservatoire in Warsaw as well as an experienced musician, Joseph Elsner. He was perfectly trained by the time he left his hometown to go to Vienna in 1829, where the debuted as pianist. Chopin had his own style and individuality which made him stand out especially in the variation set on La ci darem; these stirred the attention of Robert Schumann. When he left Vienna in 1831 his intention was to go to London, but instead

Piggy Essay Example for Free

Piggy Essay Piggy was the most technical and constructional boy in his group. Piggy represented technology, which must be built upon the basis of order of civilization. Under Ralph’s unstable rule, Piggy’s words were not listened. Because things that directly affect their daily life, such as safe food and concern of monster, were more important than hopes to be rescued, people overlooked Piggy’s opinions. Under barbarian society, technology was never used for its adequate purpose. When power takes over order, Piggy was abused frequently, for he was not an important source of dictator’s interest. Piggy frequently argued about Jack’s decisions, and, someday, Piggy would harm dictator’s position, with his practical methods to be rescued. First of all, Piggy had many useful items and smart idea to use them wisely for everyone. His glasses were the only method to make signal to outside of the island. He guaranteed warm, safe night and food as well. While superstitious rumor were merged from each boy, Piggy suggested another signal on the beach. By his death, he remembered his initial goal, to be rescued, while other boys were fallen in the lawless human nature. His actions were not only for himself, but also for everyone. As being a vestige of lost human civilization, he tried to remind boys the hope of being rescued, and to be organized. However, Piggy’s opinions were not convincing to uncivilized boys, who wanted plans that can make improvements in their lives immediately, but not a preparation that would gradually lead them toward better outcome. Second of all, Piggy had no leadership, because he was physically not appealing, and was not clever enough to send his messages explicitly. He had no interest in playing with other boys, so he did not have any friend, who could support his opinion. He spoke out his opinion regardless of others’ when something does not work in his mind. Most of conversations Piggy had were scolding others, like adult disciplining children. Having anything that would return other boy’s minds, Piggy became an irritant to other boys. Later, he was disregarded by other boys. Therefore, as he was disregarded, his saying also had only a little power. If only he showed his politeness and diligence like an adult, boys would have relied on Piggy. Last of all, Piggy developed plots by making a new topic in the group. He was a strong supporter of Ralph; accordingly he deepened the conflict between barbarism and civilization. He suggested practical and reasonable opinions that deserve to be praised in the civilized society. However, he was deserted and ignored by barbarism. In the correspondence with the theme, Piggy amplified the bad aspect of barbarism. Every boy was adapted in civilized world, but possessed savage instinct as well. Piggy did the job of the symbol of vestige of civilization after barbarism overwhelmed civilization. Golding advanced the theme with Piggy, by showing reckless behavior of boys, pretending to be civilized, but illustrating barbarism. Piggy was outstanding in thinking, but poor in eloquence. He deserves to be praised that Piggy did not care of other’s ungrounded blames, so he suggested his proper opinions. However, it is definitely wrong that Piggy didn’t consider other’s mind. However, Golding used Piggy in a sense that how people these days in a civilization may not care for others’ feelings and be selfish, but smart and effective in other way.

Heart of Darkness - How Do We Encounter Ourselves in the Modern Society

While I was reading the short story â€Å"Heart of Darkness,† by Joseph Conrad, I recalled an essay I read back in Korea, titled â€Å"Why Do We Read Novels.† The writer of the essay states that the most common reason why we, as people, read novels is that it makes us ask ourselves how the justice or injustice of the real world relates to that of the author’s words. In this way, the short story â€Å"Heart of Darkness† portrays the experiences and thoughts of Conrad through the tale of two important characters, Marlow and Mr. Kurtz. His work forces the reader to ponder questions of the morality, humanity, and insanity which takes place in our human lives. The story is a record of Marlow’s journey to meeting Mr. Kurtz, a morally corrupted being who is a symbolic representation of the darkness and wilderness of the African jungle. It is necessary to pay close attention to the process of Marlow’s journey and meeting with Mr. Kurtz in order to understand the meaning of what he learned from discovering himself and how this relates to our modern world. Unlike other white men who went into the Congo River for unmoral or materialistic reasons, such as to Christianize the natives or to get rich by exploiting all the ivories in the jungle, Marlow does not feel right about how the Imperialistic European countries exploit of the rest of the world. This is shown very clearly when Marlow says â€Å"This devoted band called itself the Eldorado Exploring Expedition, and I believe they were sworn to secrecy. Their talk, however, was the talk of sordid buccaneers: it was reckless without hardihood, greedy without audacity, and cruel without courage, there was not an atom of fore-sight or of serious intention in the whole batch of them, and they did not seem aware ... ... jungles of the Congo or on the civilized streets of London. I feel strongly that one of the reasons why Conrad wrote this novella is to encourage us to ask ourselves about how we encounter ourselves in the contemporary society. He must have felt that people during his time indulged in imperialism, which prevented them from reflecting on themselves. Consequently, there are many evidences in the text that show his cynical view of imperialism. For example, Marlow describes the French army’s firing into a continent as â€Å"a feeble screech† (P.275), implying the author’s pessimistic view towards imperialism. In this way, the people in the modern society indulge in modern things that prevent us from reflecting on ourselves, such as mass media, the internet, etc. Conrad once said â€Å"Facing it, always facing it, that's the way to get through. Face it.† Are we facing ourselves?

Richard and the Battle of Bosworth Essay

On 22nd August 1485, King Richard III lost the Battle of Bosworth to Henry Tudor. One of the main reasons for him losing was due to his unpopularity with the people and his nobles. Richard was disliked by many of his nobles because he gave power to nobles from the north, which he knew, annoying the nobility in the south of England. This meant that in the battle he had little support, and some of his nobles, such as the Stanley’s fought for Henry. Richard was also disliked by the people of England. He seized the crown in 1483, and rumours spread that he killed his two nephews. This made him disliked, and few people supported him. Another reason Richard lost the Battle of Bosworth was because of the Stanley’s changing sides. The Stanley’s controlled around 6000 of Richards troops, around half of his overall army. Although the Stanley’s began the battle on the side of Richard, they changed during the battle. This meant that Richard has far fewer troops than he may have anticipated, and had the Stanley’s not changed sides, it is possible that Richard would have won. Many of Richards other nobles were also unreliable, such as Northumberland. He did not help Richard when he needed it, refusing to bring in Richards reserves, and eventually surrendering, giving Henry an advantage over Richard, helping him to win. Another reason Richard lost was because of the support Henry had from the King of France. In 1485, the King of France wanted to distract Richard from invading France, so he gave Henry an army to invade England. When Henry landed in Wales with these extra men, many people joined him on his march through Wales to Bosworth, increasing the size of his army greatly. Another factor leading to the defeat of Richard at the Battle of Bosworth was Richards’s hesitance on the battlefield. Richard did not take advantage by attacking Oxford whilst he was deploying his troops. This allowed Oxford to launch an attack on Norfolk, who was soon killed. Although Surrey takes command, Richard lost men fast. Richard was so hesitance because he was so unsure of his support. A final factor which lead to the defeat of Richard at the Battle of Bosworth was the growing mistrust for Richard. Many Yorkists became so unhappy with the situation in England that they looked elsewhere for help. Many of them turned to Henry, and supported him in training and creating an army for him to fight with. This support from people once loyal to Richard led to him losing the battle because he did not have enough people fight for him, as many people in England were behind Henry.

Belgium Economy

? Belgium's economy is 71. 5 per cent free, according to our 2008 assessment, which makes it the world's 20th freest economy. This is a 0. 9 percentage point decrease from last year, primarily reflecting increased government spending. Belgium is ranked 10th freest among the 41 countries in the European region, and its overall score is above the regional average. Belgium scores very high in investment freedom, property rights, monetary freedom, and business freedom and is above the world average in eight areas. A member of the European Union, it has a standardized monetary policy and relatively low inflation despite some government distortion in the agricultural sector. Its transparent rule of law protects property and encourages confidence among foreign investors. Belgium's extensive welfare state is supported by exceptionally high government spending and income tax rates. Overall tax revenue is an uncommonly high per cent of GDP, and Belgium's government size score is 50 percentage points worse than the world average. Background Belgium is a federal state consisting of three economically different regions: Flanders, Wallonia, and the capital city of Brussels, which houses the headquarters of NATO and the EU and has been at the forefront in driving the supranationalisation of power within the EU. After eight years, Guy Verhofstadt and his Liberal Party were ousted from power in 2007. His previous Socialist Liberal coalition sought to ease the income tax burden and succeeded in balancing the budget, but growth remained sluggish. Christian Democratic leader Yves Leterme has since been invited to form a coalition government. Services account for around three-quarters of GDP. The leading exports are electrical equipment, vehicles, diamonds, and chemicals. BELGIUM Rank: 20 Regional Rank: 10 of 41 Population:10. 5 million GDP (PPP):$336. 6 billion 1. 5% growth in 2004 1. 7% 5-yr. comp. ann. growth $32,119 per capita Unemployment: 8. 4% Inflation (CPI): 2. 5% FDI (net inflow):$766 million Off. Dev. Assist. None External Debt: $1. 1 trillion Exports: $318. 8 billion Primarily machinery and equipment, chemicals, diamonds, metals and metal products, foodstuffs. Imports: $308. 4 billion Primarily machinery and equipment, chemicals, diamonds, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, transportation equipment, oil products. BELGIUM’S TEN ECONOMIC FREEDOM Business freedom – 93. 7% The overall freedom to start, operate, and close a business is strongly protected by Belgium's national regulatory environment. Starting a business takes an average of four days, compared to the world average of 43 days. Obtaining a business license requires less than the world average of 19 procedures and 234 days. Regulation is transparent, and the laws are enforced effectively. Closing a business is easy and straightforward. Trade freedom – 86% Belgium's trade policy is the same as those of other members of the European Union. The common EU weighted average tariff rate was 2 per cent in 2005. Non-tariff barriers reflected in EU policy include agricultural and manufacturing subsidies, import restrictions for some goods and services, market access restrictions in some service sectors, non-transparent and restrictive regulations and standards, and inconsistent customs administration across EU members. Enforcement of intellectual property rights remains problematic. Consequently, an additional 10 percentage points is deducted from Belgium's trade freedom score. Fiscal freedom – 43. 9% Belgium's income tax rate is one of the world's highest, and its corporate tax rate is also high. The top income tax rate is 50 per cent, and the top corporate tax rate is 34 per cent (a 33 per cent tax rate and 3 per cent surcharge). Other taxes include a value-added tax (VAT), a transport tax, and a property tax. In the most recent year, overall tax revenue as a percentage of GDP was 44. 9 per cent. Freedom from Government – 17. 9% Total government expenditures, including consumption and transfer payments, are very high. In the most recent year, government spending equaled 52. 3 per cent of GDP. Monetary freedom – 80. 4% Belgium is a member of the euro zone. Between 2004 and 2006, its weighted average annual rate of inflation was 2. 3 per cent. Relatively stable prices explain most of the monetary freedom score. As a participant in the EU's Common Agricultural Policy, the government subsidies agricultural production, distorting the prices of agricultural products. Price-control policies affect water supply, waste handling, homes for the elderly, medicines and implantable medical devices, certain cars, compulsory insurance, fire insurance, petroleum products, cable television, and certain types of bread. An additional 10 percentage points is deducted from Belgium's monetary freedom score to account for these policies. Investment freedom – 90% Most restrictions on foreign investment also apply to domestic investment. Permits and licenses required for certain industries are not hard to obtain. Regional and national incentives are generally open to foreigners and Belgians, but taxes and certain employment criteria are federally controlled. Performance requirements, when present, are linked to job creation. EU regulations require some restrictions on non-EU investment in public works. There are no restrictions on the purchase of real estate, residents' and non-residents' accounts, repatriation of profit, or transfer of capital. Financial freedom – 80% Belgium has one of the world's most developed financial systems, with 104 banks, including over 70 foreign banks, and numerous financial service providers, but the five largest banks still hold 85 per cent of deposits. An independent commission supervises the financial sector. Banks must provide a minimum set of services. Credit is allocated at market terms to both foreign nd domestic investors. Belgian law differentiates between EU and non-EU banks, financial institutions, and insurance companies, although firms from European Economic Area or World Trade Organization countries may be treated equally. Regional authorities may subsidies medium- and long-term borrowing. The insurance sector is smaller and less robust than banking. The world's first stock market was organized in Antwerp, and Belgium's sound capit al markets were recently integrated into Euro next, a broader European exchange. Property rights – 80% Property is well protected, and contracts are secure. The laws are codified, and the judiciary and civil service, while often slow, are of high quality. Intellectual property rights are well protected, but implementation of relevant EU directives has been slow. Freedom from corruption – 73% Corruption is perceived as minimal. Belgium ranks 20th out of 163 countries in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index for 2006. Belgium outlaws both active bribery and â€Å"passive bribery,† whereby an official requests or accepts a benefit for himself or somebody else in exchange for certain behavior. Labor freedom – 69. 9% Employment regulations are relatively flexible, but further reform is needed to foster employment creation and productivity growth. The non-salary cost of employing a worker can be very high, and dismissing a redundant employee is relatively costly. Belgium's high labor costs are sustainable for high-value-added processes, but market rigidities remain a considerable barrier to employing a worker.

-“Technology Has Crippled the New Generation”…….”Against” Essays

-â€Å"Technology Has Crippled the New Generation†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†Against† Essays -â€Å"Technology Has Crippled the New Generation†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†Against† Essay -â€Å"Technology Has Crippled the New Generation†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†Against† Essay Good morning everyone, the motion that has been put forward today is one on which I guess people have been debating since like a decade now. The moment human beings realized that they could make life easier and simple the human mind with its deep sense of conscience led to the rise of protagonists both in favor and against the usage of technology. The fact is that technology is a tool and nothing more. The history of the world clearly tells the tale of technology, and its obvious to the most casual observer that the great societies have always been those who took advantage of the technologies of their time. From the earliest of humans who first tamed fire, to contemporary times, the societies who best leveraged technology rose to the top. Did the wheel of ancient Mesopotamia in any way damage the society? How about the use of iron in ancient Greece and Rome? The steam engine, telephone, electric light, airplane? Has any technology ever controlled any society or weakened it? The answer is a loud and resounding NO! Let us return to the motion put forward today â€Å"technology has crippled our new generation†, which literally means technology has disabled or weakened our new generation, but I don’t understand why we are even debating on this topic my worthy opposition perhaps has failed to understand that the topic itself is an incentive for us since we today are the most powerful, technologically advanced generation till now and hence the question of us being weakened or damaged doesn’t arise only. Whenever we speak of technology today and its impact on the new generation the so called youngistaan ,we usually associate technology for having brought luxuries into our life and these leading to laziness, health problems, people no longer giving importance to relationships etc etc But let’s just take a moment back and think over it ,if the older generation were such active and so healthy then why were the high death rates and infant mortality rates all around the world so high like 6 decades ago, with the advancement in technology ,the discovery of microscope ,anesthesia the health care sector has helped us develop many ways of diagnosing dangerous diseases. The vaccinations, drugs and medicines developed with great amount of research has helped to save the life of millions of people across the globe. This has increased the survival rate in all parts of the world. The building of hi-tech hospitals, clinics and health care centers equipped with all modern amenities has also i mproved the business scope of companies operating in the health care field. The invention of devices and technologies for the diagnosis of various diseases and disorders has helped many patients to get the best possible treatment at the right time, thus saving many lives. Technological advancement in field of medicine has helped patients from backward nations get good health care facilities. Today we can easily sit and chat with any one around the globe and hence technology has made us social, increased the amount of friends we can have, strengthening relationships. Technology my friends, my worthy opposition is what you make it; in due of course of preparing our debate we realized that we control technology and technology doesn’t control us or itself. If we are addicted to the computers or our cell and our parents don’t keep a check on us it’s there and our own fault and we can’t pin the blame of our lack of productivity on technology. Everything in the world has its pro’s and cons similarly my worthy opposition might debate that increased use of technology leads to global warming that is certainly threatening our future,our lifestyles are become more and more dependent upon technology but my friends the uses of technology, the voices pro of technology are far more than any argument against it and so we can’t I repeat in any case we can’t say that technology is crippling our new generation. Moreover with advancement in technology we can even prevent global warming I take reference from Michael hues man’s book â€Å"can technology prevent global warming† which clearly underlines the fact that technology itself can clean up its little mess. My friends if technology was so dangerous it wouldn’t have developed to what it has become today it wouldn’t be still developing. Like I said before it’s up to us to use any technology in our benefit and again it’s up to us to use any technology towards our loss . We can sustainablly use technology and derive benefits from it because as Edward o. wilson has best stated â€Å"technology helps us do the incapable†. the otherwise impossible. Can anyone imagine what it would be without technology how we would possibly see the parts of the flower, study viruses, create skyscrapers, this mike I am speaking on anything and everything that happens today happens thanks to technology,so how is it possible that this beautiful gift of technology is crippling the new generation LoL . In the end I’d Like to end with a quote â€Å"Technology is that gift of god that uses god’s gift’s better than ever† carl marx. thank you

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Contribute Comments to DailyWritingTips.com Contribute Comments to DailyWritingTips.com Contribute Comments to DailyWritingTips.com By Mark Nichol If you read the comments on this site, you know that DailyWritingTips.com is a collaborative enterprise: I post, and visitors correct me. But, seriously, visitors’ comments are a valuable part of the experience, and you are encouraged to weigh in with your experiences, opinions, and insights. My posts are based on my experience as a professional writer and editor and my research into grammar, usage, style, and other editorial issues. I also have an extensive background, and I’ve edited for several prominent publishers and other organizations, but such distinctions are not necessarily ironclad proofs of skill, and they don’t mean that I’m always right (or that I’ve explained something well). That is why we welcome visitors comments, and much of the information they provide is well written and well reasoned, and contributes significantly to a collaborative effort to enrich site visitors’ knowledge about writing. I respond as time permits, though I also welcome it when visitors respond to each others’ comments. In addition, several of my posts have resulted from visitors’ suggestions or questions. (I reply also to visitors who send notes directly to info@dailywritingtips.com, but I prefer that they share their thoughts with others in the comments section.) DailyWritingTips.com is a great online resource for people who care about written language to congregate and learn from each other. The most prolific commenters folks like ApK, Cecily, Deborah H, JK Brennan, Kathryn, Peter, Precise Edit, Rebecca, Roberta B., Sharon, Shirley, Stephen Thorn, and thebluebird11 as well as others, enable us all to develop our skills. Please add your name to the roster by sharing your thoughts with the rest of the DailyWritingTips.com community. (Note that email subscribers, in order to visit the site and leave their comments, must click on the title of the post they receive via email.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Types and Forms of Humor45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†Drama vs. Melodrama

Homeless young women Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 13000 words

Homeless young women - Coursework Example The results showed that there is a demographic profile for the homeless young women specifically in terms of age, number of children, and educational attainment; the level of community acceptance of the homeless and vulnerable component of the society is above average due to the category of Always; the supporting people support workers always observed the diminutions of population who have nowhere to live; the supporting people support workers often bear the homeless young women's need for transport resulting to the diminution of impediments in the conveyance of care from hospitals to for example Nightingale hostel at Cardiff, in the United Kingdom; the supporting people support workers often guaranteed that the homeless young women were afforded hospitalization services to diminish the chances of relapse that would require another hospital medical attention; and the homeless young women with children often depend on supporting people support workers whilst staying at Nightingale hos tel in Cardiff, the United Kingdom. Respondents of the study (homeless young women) were asked to an... At the end of this chapter the recommendations and conclusions were formulated to enlighten the future researches who wish to do the same subject of the study and the predictors of this research. The extent of dependent of homeless young women with children on support workers whilst staying at a Nightingale hostel A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of In Partial Fulfilment Of the requirements for By Nickola Shaddad 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv DEDICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Significance of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Theoretical Framework of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Hypotheses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Scope and Delimitation of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 DEFINITION OF TERMS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2. LITERATURE